I'm a political scientist specialising in the politics of informal and illegal economies, smuggling, the relationship between taxation and informality, the political economy of development, and North African politics.

I am currently a Research Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies (IDS) and a Research Lead at the International Centre for Tax and Development (ICTD), where I co-lead our research on tax and informality. I am also a Senior Fellow at the Global Initiative against Transnational Organised Crime (GITOC).